mstat

mstat -- measure memory usage of a program over time

This tool runs on Linux, taking advantage of the cgroups kernel API (also used by container infrastructure like Docker) to record memory usage of a set of processes over time. Because mstat builds on cgroups, we automatically track memory usage of any child-processes spawned by the original program.

Supports both cgroups v1 (legacy) and cgroups v2 (unified hierarchy). The tool auto-detects which cgroup version is available on your system.

Additionally, on cgroups v1 systems, the Memory API we are using gives us detailed information about userspace memory usage, as well as kernel memory allocated on behalf of the program (such as memory used to manage a process's page tables). Note: in cgroups v2, the separate kernel memory controller was removed - kernel memory is included in the total usage but cannot be queried separately.

This tool only runs on Linux, and requires being installed set-UID. Build it the normal way:

$ git clone https://github.com/bpowers/mstat
$ cd mstat
$ make; sudo make install

Then, use it to measure memory usage over time (freq specifies the sampling frequency in Hz, bump it up for short-lived programs or fine grained reporting):

$ mstat -o data/mem.tsv -freq 59 -- ./test

And there is even a handy flag to modify the environment:

$ mstat -o data/mem.tsv -freq 59 -env LD_PRELOAD=libawesome.so -- ./test

Use -v for verbose mode to see which cgroups version is being used:

$ mstat -v -o data/mem.tsv -- ./test
mstat: using cgroups mode: unified (v2)

Requirements

• Go 1.24 or later
• Linux with cgroups v1 or v2 support
• Root privileges (or setuid binary) to create cgroups