bibframe

package
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 Go to latest Published: Jul 1, 2026 License: MIT Imports: 11 Imported by: 0

Documentation

Overview

Package bibframe converts MARC 21 records to BIBFRAME 2.0, the Library of Congress linked-data model that replaces the flat MARC record with an RDF graph of related resources: a bf:Work (the intellectual content) and a bf:Instance (a particular publication of it), linked by bf:instanceOf / bf:hasInstance.

BIBFRAME is a different data model than MARC — a graph, not a leader+fields record — so this is a one-way MARC->BIBFRAME crosswalk, not a codec, following a subset of the LoC marc2bibframe2 mapping. Two serializations are produced, both hand-written with the standard library only (no RDF dependency):

  • RDF/XML (Encode / Writer / WriteFile) — the canonical LoC serialization.
  • JSON-LD (EncodeJSONLD / JSONLDWriter / WriteJSONLDFile).

The collection Writers implement codex.RecordWriter, so they plug into codex.Convert as conversion targets; both wrap their records in a container (an rdf:RDF element or a JSON-LD @graph) and must be closed: 

w := bibframe.NewWriter(out) // RDF/XML; or NewJSONLDWriter for JSON-LD
codex.Convert(iso2709.NewReader(src), w)
w.Close()

The crosswalk covers the common fields (titles, contributions, subjects, language, classification, summary on the Work; title, provision, extent, edition, identifiers and electronic locator on the Instance). Fields outside that set are not carried, and BIBFRAME cannot round-trip back to full MARC.

Index

Constants

This section is empty.

Variables

This section is empty.

Functions

func Decode added in v0.3.0 

func Decode(data []byte) ([]*codex.Record, error)

Decode parses a BIBFRAME document — RDF/XML, JSON-LD, Turtle or N-Triples, autodetected — and reverse-crosswalks every bf:Work (with its linked bf:Instance) to a MARC 21 record. It reads the vocabulary the forward crosswalk emits and the common shape of LoC marc2bibframe2 output. BIBFRAME is a lossier model than MARC, so the result carries the crosswalked fields rather than reproducing the original record byte for byte; re-encoding it yields an equivalent BIBFRAME graph.

func Encode 

func Encode(r *codex.Record) ([]byte, error)

Encode converts a record to a standalone BIBFRAME RDF/XML document.

func EncodeJSONLD 

func EncodeJSONLD(r *codex.Record) ([]byte, error)

EncodeJSONLD converts a record to a standalone BIBFRAME JSON-LD document.

func EncodeNQuads added in v0.4.0 

func EncodeNQuads(r *codex.Record, graph rdf.Term) ([]byte, error)

EncodeNQuads converts a record to a BIBFRAME N-Quads document whose statements are all tagged with the given graph term — the record's provenance, or named graph. A zero-value graph term produces plain N-Triples (the default graph).

func EncodeNTriples added in v0.3.0 

func EncodeNTriples(r *codex.Record) ([]byte, error)

EncodeNTriples converts a record to a standalone BIBFRAME N-Triples document.

func EncodeTurtle added in v0.3.0 

func EncodeTurtle(r *codex.Record) ([]byte, error)

EncodeTurtle converts a record to a standalone BIBFRAME Turtle document.

func Provenance added in v0.4.0 

func Provenance(graph, source, agent rdf.Term, generatedAt string) *rdf.Graph

Provenance returns PROV-O triples describing a named graph as an entity that was generated from a source, attributed to an agent, at a time — the nanopublication / W3C PROV pattern of asserting provenance with the data-graph IRI itself as the subject, kept distinct from the data it describes. This complements the in-graph bf:AdminMetadata: AdminMetadata travels inside every serialization for BIBFRAME consumers, while these triples give an N-Quads dataset a separate, machine-readable provenance record about each named graph.

Zero-value source or agent terms and an empty generatedAt are omitted. Serialize the result into a provenance graph alongside the data graph named by graph, e.g. with an rdf.Encoder: 

var enc rdf.Encoder
buf = enc.AppendNQuads(buf, dataGraph, g)                         // the record, in graph g
buf = enc.AppendNQuads(buf, bibframe.Provenance(g, src, who, ts), provGraph) // its provenance

func ReadFile added in v0.3.0 

func ReadFile(path string) ([]*codex.Record, error)

ReadFile reads and decodes every BIBFRAME record in the file at path.

func RecordGraph added in v0.4.0 

func RecordGraph(r *codex.Record) rdf.Term

RecordGraph returns a per-record provenance graph term derived from the record's control number (field 001), suitable as the graphFor argument to NewNQuadsWriter so each record's statements land in their own named graph.

func WriteFile 

func WriteFile(path string, records []*codex.Record) error

WriteFile converts every record to a BIBFRAME RDF/XML file.

func WriteJSONLDFile 

func WriteJSONLDFile(path string, records []*codex.Record) error

WriteJSONLDFile converts every record to a BIBFRAME JSON-LD file.

func WriteNQuadsFile added in v0.4.0 

func WriteNQuadsFile(path string, records []*codex.Record, graphFor func(*codex.Record) rdf.Term) error

WriteNQuadsFile writes every record to path as one N-Quads document, tagging each record's statements with the graph term returned by graphFor.

func WriteNTriplesFile added in v0.3.0 

func WriteNTriplesFile(path string, records []*codex.Record) error

WriteNTriplesFile writes every record to path as one N-Triples document.

func WriteTurtleFile added in v0.3.0 

func WriteTurtleFile(path string, records []*codex.Record) error

WriteTurtleFile writes every record to path as one Turtle document.

Types

type AdminMetadata added in v0.4.0 

type AdminMetadata struct {
	ControlNumber          string // field 001
	ChangeDate             string // field 005, as an xsd:dateTime string
	DescriptionConventions string // field 040 $e (e.g. "rda")
}

AdminMetadata is administrative provenance about the record's description — the BIBFRAME bf:AdminMetadata carrying the record control number, the cataloging conventions, the last-change date, and the generation process that produced the RDF. It is what the LoC/BIBFRAME ecosystem reads for provenance.

type BIBFRAME 

type BIBFRAME struct {
	Work     Work
	Instance Instance
}

BIBFRAME is the Work/Instance pair derived from one MARC record.

func FromRecord 

func FromRecord(r *codex.Record) *BIBFRAME

FromRecord maps a MARC record to a BIBFRAME Work/Instance pair in a single pass over the fields, following the common-field crosswalk.

type Classification 

type Classification struct {
	Class string // "ClassificationLcc" or "ClassificationDdc"
	Value string
}

Classification is a call number with its BIBFRAME class.

type Contribution 

type Contribution struct {
	Primary bool   // a bflc:PrimaryContribution (1xx) vs a plain bf:Contribution (7xx)
	Class   string // agent class: "Person", "Organization" or "Meeting"
	Label   string // agent name
	Role    string // role term, or ""
}

Contribution links an Agent to the Work with an optional role.

type Identifier 

type Identifier struct {
	Class string // "Isbn", "Issn" or "Identifier"
	Value string
}

Identifier is a typed identifier carried by the Instance.

type Instance 

type Instance struct {
	Titles                  []Title
	ResponsibilityStatement string
	EditionStatement        string
	Provision               *Provision
	Extent                  []string
	Identifiers             []Identifier
	ElectronicLocator       []string
	Admin                   *AdminMetadata
}

Instance is a particular publication of the Work (bf:Instance).

type JSONLDWriter 

type JSONLDWriter struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

JSONLDWriter converts records and writes them into a JSON-LD @graph array. Close must be called to terminate the document.

func NewJSONLDWriter 

func NewJSONLDWriter(w io.Writer) *JSONLDWriter

NewJSONLDWriter returns a Writer that writes a BIBFRAME JSON-LD document to w.

func (*JSONLDWriter) Close 

func (wr *JSONLDWriter) Close() error

func (*JSONLDWriter) Write 

func (wr *JSONLDWriter) Write(r *codex.Record) error

type NQuadsWriter added in v0.4.0 

type NQuadsWriter struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

NQuadsWriter writes a collection of records as N-Quads, tagging each record's statements with a provenance graph term. It reuses one encoder so blank-node labels stay unique across the whole stream — otherwise two records that each number their blanks from scratch would collide and merge in the output.

func NewNQuadsWriter added in v0.4.0 

func NewNQuadsWriter(w io.Writer, graphFor func(*codex.Record) rdf.Term) *NQuadsWriter

NewNQuadsWriter returns an NQuadsWriter over w. graphFor maps each record to its provenance graph term; a nil graphFor (or one returning a zero-value term) writes the default graph, equivalent to N-Triples. It implements codex.RecordWriter, so it works as a codex.Convert target. Pass RecordGraph for a per-record named graph keyed on the control number.

func (*NQuadsWriter) Close added in v0.4.0 

func (nw *NQuadsWriter) Close() error

Close reports the first write error, if any.

func (*NQuadsWriter) Write added in v0.4.0 

func (nw *NQuadsWriter) Write(r *codex.Record) error

Write serializes one record's BIBFRAME graph as N-Quads under its graph term.

type NTriplesWriter added in v0.3.0 

type NTriplesWriter struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

NTriplesWriter writes a collection of records as N-Triples. Because N-Triples has no document framing, records simply concatenate; Close is a no-op kept for API symmetry with the other writers.

func NewNTriplesWriter added in v0.3.0 

func NewNTriplesWriter(w io.Writer) *NTriplesWriter

NewNTriplesWriter returns an NTriplesWriter over w. It implements codex.RecordWriter, so it works as a codex.Convert target.

func (*NTriplesWriter) Close added in v0.3.0 

func (nw *NTriplesWriter) Close() error

Close reports the first write error, if any.

func (*NTriplesWriter) Write added in v0.3.0 

func (nw *NTriplesWriter) Write(r *codex.Record) error

Write serializes one record's BIBFRAME graph, keeping its blank-node labels distinct from every other record's in the stream.

type Provision 

type Provision struct {
	Place     string
	Publisher string
	Date      string
}

Provision is a bf:Publication (place / publisher / date).

type Reader added in v0.3.0 

type Reader struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Reader reads BIBFRAME records from a stream. A BIBFRAME document is a single RDF graph, so the first Read parses the whole input; successive calls return the reconstructed records in document order, then io.EOF.

func NewReader added in v0.3.0 

func NewReader(r io.Reader) *Reader

NewReader returns a Reader over r. It implements codex.RecordReader, so a BIBFRAME document can be a source for codex.Convert.

func (*Reader) Read added in v0.3.0 

func (rd *Reader) Read() (*codex.Record, error)

Read returns the next record, or io.EOF when the document is exhausted.

type Subject 

type Subject struct {
	Class string // "Topic", "Place", "Person", "Organization" or "Meeting"
	Label string
}

Subject is a topical, geographic or name access point on the Work.

type Title 

type Title struct {
	Type       string // "" for the transcribed title, "uniform" for 130/240
	MainTitle  string
	Subtitle   string
	PartNumber string
	PartName   string
}

Title is a bf:Title with its component portions.

type TurtleWriter added in v0.3.0 

type TurtleWriter struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

TurtleWriter writes a collection of records as Turtle, emitting the @prefix header once before the first record.

func NewTurtleWriter added in v0.3.0 

func NewTurtleWriter(w io.Writer) *TurtleWriter

NewTurtleWriter returns a TurtleWriter over w. It implements codex.RecordWriter.

func (*TurtleWriter) Close added in v0.3.0 

func (tw *TurtleWriter) Close() error

Close reports the first write error, if any.

func (*TurtleWriter) Write added in v0.3.0 

func (tw *TurtleWriter) Write(r *codex.Record) error

Write serializes one record, preceded by the prefix header on the first call, keeping its blank-node labels distinct from every other record's in the stream.

type Work 

type Work struct {
	Class           string // bf class refining bf:Work (e.g. "Text"), or ""
	Titles          []Title
	Contributions   []Contribution
	Subjects        []Subject
	GenreForms      []string
	Languages       []string // ISO 639-2 codes
	Classifications []Classification
	Summary         []string
}

Work is the intellectual content (bf:Work) plus a specific content class.

type Writer 

type Writer struct {
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Writer converts records and writes them as an rdf:RDF graph. Close must be called to emit the closing tag.

func NewWriter 

func NewWriter(w io.Writer) *Writer

NewWriter returns a Writer that writes a BIBFRAME RDF/XML graph to w.

func (*Writer) Close 

func (wr *Writer) Close() error

Close writes the closing </rdf:RDF> tag.

func (*Writer) Write 

func (wr *Writer) Write(r *codex.Record) error

Write converts one record and writes its Work and Instance nodes.

Source Files

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