ecspresso

ecspresso

ecspresso is a deployment tool for Amazon ECS.

(pronounced same as "espresso")

Documents

ecspresso handbook (Japanese)

ecspresso Advent Calendar 2020 (Japanese)

Install

Homebrew (macOS and Linux)

$ brew install kayac/tap/ecspresso

Binary packages

Releases

CircleCI Orbs

https://circleci.com/orbs/registry/orb/fujiwara/ecspresso

version: 2.1
orbs:
  ecspresso: fujiwara/ecspresso@0.0.15
jobs:
  install:
    steps:
      - checkout
      - ecspresso/install:
          version: v1.6.0 # or latest
      - run:
          command: |
            ecspresso version

GitHub Actions

Action kayac/ecspresso@v1 installs ecspresso binary for Linux into /usr/local/bin. This action runs install only.

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - uses: kayac/ecspresso@v1
        with:
          version: v1.6.0
      - run: |
          ecspresso deploy --config ecspresso.yml

Pass the parameter "latest" to use the latest version of ecspresso.

      - uses: kayac/ecspresso@v1
        with:
          version: latest

Usage

usage: ecspresso [<flags>] <command> [<args> ...]

Flags:
  --help                 Show context-sensitive help (also try --help-long and
                         --help-man).
  --config=CONFIG        config file
  --debug                enable debug log
  --envfile=ENVFILE ...  environment files
  --color                enable colored output

Commands:
  help [<command>...]
    Show help.

  version
    show version

  deploy [<flags>]
    deploy service

  scale [<flags>]
    scale service. equivalent to deploy --skip-task-definition
    --no-update-service

  refresh [<flags>]
    refresh service. equivalent to deploy --skip-task-definition
    --force-new-deployment --no-update-service

  create [<flags>]
    create service

  status [<flags>]
    show status of service

  rollback [<flags>]
    rollback service

  delete [<flags>]
    delete service

  run [<flags>]
    run task

  register [<flags>]
    register task definition

  wait
    wait until service stable

  init --service=SERVICE [<flags>]
    create service/task definition files by existing ECS service

  diff
    display diff for task definition compared with latest one on ECS

  appspec [<flags>]
    output AppSpec YAML for CodeDeploy to STDOUT

  verify [<flags>]
    verify resources in configurations

  render [<flags>]
    render config, service definition or task definition file to stdout

  tasks [<flags>]
    list tasks that are in a service or having the same family

  exec [<flags>]
    execute command in a task

For more options for sub-commands, See ecspresso sub-command --help.

Quick Start

ecspresso can easily manage your existing/running ECS service by codes.

Try ecspresso init for your ECS service with option --region, --cluster and --service.

$ ecspresso init --region ap-northeast-1 --cluster default --service myservice --config ecspresso.yml
2019/10/12 01:31:48 myservice/default save service definition to ecs-service-def.json
2019/10/12 01:31:48 myservice/default save task definition to ecs-task-def.json
2019/10/12 01:31:48 myservice/default save config to ecspresso.yml

Let me see the generated files ecspresso.yml, ecs-service-def.json, and ecs-task-def.json.

And then, you already can deploy the service by ecspresso!

$ ecspresso deploy --config ecspresso.yml

Configuration file

YAML format.

region: ap-northeast-1
cluster: default
service: myService
task_definition: myTask.json
timeout: 5m

ecspresso deploy works as below.

• Register a new task definition from JSON file.
  • JSON file is allowed in both formats as below.
    • aws ecs describe-task-definition output.
    • aws ecs register-task-definition --cli-input-json input.
  • Replace {{ env `FOO` `bar` }} syntax in the JSON file to environment variable "FOO".
    • If "FOO" is not defined, replaced by "bar"
  • Replace {{ must_env `FOO` }} syntax in the JSON file to environment variable "FOO".
    • If "FOO" is not defined, abort immediately.
• Update service tasks.
  • When --update-service option set, update service attributes by service definition.
• Wait for a service to be stable.

Configuration files and task/service definition files are read by go-config. go-config has template functions env, must_env and json_escape.

Example of deployment

Rolling deployment

$ ecspresso deploy --config ecspresso.yml
2017/11/09 23:20:13 myService/default Starting deploy
Service: myService
Cluster: default
TaskDefinition: myService:3
Deployments:
    PRIMARY myService:3 desired:1 pending:0 running:1
Events:
2017/11/09 23:20:13 myService/default Creating a new task definition by myTask.json
2017/11/09 23:20:13 myService/default Registering a new task definition...
2017/11/09 23:20:13 myService/default Task definition is registered myService:4
2017/11/09 23:20:13 myService/default Updating service...
2017/11/09 23:20:13 myService/default Waiting for service stable...(it will take a few minutes)
2017/11/09 23:23:23 myService/default  PRIMARY myService:4 desired:1 pending:0 running:1
2017/11/09 23:23:29 myService/default Service is stable now. Completed!

Blue/Green deployment (with AWS CodeDeploy)

ecspresso create can create a service having CODE_DEPLOY deployment controller. See ecs-service-def.json below.

{
  "deploymentController": {
    "type": "CODE_DEPLOY"
  },
  # ...
}

Currently, ecspresso doesn't create any resources on CodeDeploy. You must create an application and a deployment group for your ECS service on CodeDeploy in the other way.

ecspresso deploy creates a new deployment for CodeDeploy, and it continues on CodeDeploy.

$ ecspresso deploy --config ecspresso.yml --rollback-events DEPLOYMENT_FAILURE
2019/10/15 22:47:07 myService/default Starting deploy
Service: myService
Cluster: default
TaskDefinition: myService:5
TaskSets:
   PRIMARY myService:5 desired:1 pending:0 running:1
Events:
2019/10/15 22:47:08 myService/default Creating a new task definition by ecs-task-def.json
2019/10/15 22:47:08 myService/default Registering a new task definition...
2019/10/15 22:47:08 myService/default Task definition is registered myService:6
2019/10/15 22:47:08 myService/default desired count: 1
2019/10/15 22:47:09 myService/default Deployment d-XXXXXXXXX is created on CodeDeploy
2019/10/15 22:47:09 myService/default https://ap-northeast-1.console.aws.amazon.com/codesuite/codedeploy/deployments/d-XXXXXXXXX?region=ap-northeast-1

CodeDeploy appspec hooks can be defined in a config file. ecspresso creates Resources and version elements in appspec on deploy automatically.

cluster: default
service: test
service_definition: ecs-service-def.json
task_definition: ecs-task-def.json
appspec:
  Hooks:
    - BeforeInstall: "LambdaFunctionToValidateBeforeInstall"
    - AfterInstall: "LambdaFunctionToValidateAfterTraffic"
    - AfterAllowTestTraffic: "LambdaFunctionToValidateAfterTestTrafficStarts"
    - BeforeAllowTraffic: "LambdaFunctionToValidateBeforeAllowingProductionTraffic"
    - AfterAllowTraffic: "LambdaFunctionToValidateAfterAllowingProductionTraffic"

Scale out/in

To change a desired count of the service, specify scale --tasks.

$ ecspresso scale --config ecspresso.yml --tasks 10

scale command is equivalent to deploy --skip-task-definition --no-update-service.

Example of create

escpresso can create a service by service_definition JSON file and task_definition.

$ ecspresso create --config ecspresso.yml
...

# ecspresso.yml
service_definition: service.json

example of service.json below.

{
  "role": "ecsServiceRole",
  "desiredCount": 2,
  "loadBalancers": [
    {
      "containerName": "myLoadbalancer",
      "containerPort": 80,
      "targetGroupArn": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:[region]:[account-id]:targetgroup/{target-name}/201ae83c14de522d"
    }
  ]
}

Keys are in the same format as aws ecs describe-services output.

• deploymentConfiguration
• launchType
• loadBalancers
• networkConfiguration
• placementConstraint
• placementStrategy
• role
• etc.

Example of run task

$ ecspresso run --config ecspresso.yml --task-def=db-migrate.json

When --task-def is not set, use a task definition included in a service.

Other options for RunTask API are set by service attributes(CapacityProviderStrategy, LaunchType, PlacementConstraints, PlacementStrategy and PlatformVersion).

Notes

Use Jsonnet instead of JSON

ecspresso v1.7 or later can use Jsonnet file format for service and task definition.

If the file extension is .jsonnet, ecspresso will process Jsonnet first, convert it to JSON, and then load it.

service_definition: ecs-service-def.jsonnet
task_definition: ecs-task-def.jsonnet

ecspresso includes github.com/google/go-jsonnet as a library, we don't need the jsonnet command.

--ext-str and --ext-code flag sets Jsonnet External Variables.

$ ecspresso --ext-str Foo=foo --ext-code "Bar=1+1" ...

{
  foo: std.extVar('Foo'), // = "foo"
  bar: std.extVar('Bar'), // = 2
}

Deploy to Fargate

If you want to deploy services to Fargate, task definitions and service definitions require some settings.

For task definitions,

• requiresCompatibilities (required "FARGATE")
• networkMode (required "awsvpc")
• cpu (required)
• memory (required)
• executionRoleArn (optional)

{
  "taskDefinition": {
    "networkMode": "awsvpc",
    "requiresCompatibilities": [
      "FARGATE"
    ],
    "cpu": "1024",
    "memory": "2048",
    // ...
}

For service-definition,

• launchType (required "FARGATE")
• networkConfiguration (required "awsvpcConfiguration")

{
  "launchType": "FARGATE",
  "networkConfiguration": {
    "awsvpcConfiguration": {
      "subnets": [
        "subnet-aaaaaaaa",
        "subnet-bbbbbbbb"
      ],
      "securityGroups": [
        "sg-11111111"
      ],
      "assignPublicIp": "ENABLED"
    }
  },
  // ...
}

Fargate Spot support

1. Set capacityProviders and defaultCapacityProviderStrategy to ECS cluster.
2. If you hope to migrate existing service to use Fargate Spot, define capacityProviderStrategy into service definition as below. ecspresso deploy --update-service applies the settings to the service.

{
  "capacityProviderStrategy": [
    {
      "base": 1,
      "capacityProvider": "FARGATE",
      "weight": 1
    },
    {
      "base": 0,
      "capacityProvider": "FARGATE_SPOT",
      "weight": 1
    }
  ],
  # ...

How to check diff and verify service/task definitions before deploy.

ecspresso supports diff and verify subcommands.

diff

Shows differences between local task/service definitions and remote (on ECS) definitions.

$ ecspresso --config ecspresso.yml diff
--- arn:aws:ecs:ap-northeast-1:123456789012:service/ecspresso-test/nginx-local
+++ ecs-service-def.json
@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@
   },
   "placementConstraints": [],
   "placementStrategy": [],
-  "platformVersion": "1.3.0"
+  "platformVersion": "LATEST"
 }
 
--- arn:aws:ecs:ap-northeast-1:123456789012:task-definition/ecspresso-test:202
+++ ecs-task-def.json
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 {
   "containerDefinitions": [
     {
       "cpu": 0,
       "environment": [],
       "essential": true,
-      "image": "nginx:latest",
+      "image": "nginx:alpine",
       "logConfiguration": {
         "logDriver": "awslogs",
         "options": {

verify

Verify resources related with service/task definitions.

For example,

• An ECS cluster exists.
• The target groups in service definitions match the container name and port defined in the definitions.
• A task role and a task execution role exist and can be assumed by ecs-tasks.amazonaws.com.
• Container images exist at the URL defined in task definitions. (Checks only for ECR or DockerHub public images.)
• Secrets in task definitions exist and be readable.
• Can create log streams, can put messages to the streams in specified CloudWatch log groups.

ecspresso verify tries to assume the task execution role defined in task definitions to verify these items. If failed to assume the role, it continues to verify with the current sessions.

$ ecspresso --config ecspresso.yml verify
2020/12/08 11:43:10 nginx-local/ecspresso-test Starting verify
  TaskDefinition
    ExecutionRole[arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/ecsTaskRole]
    --> [OK]
    TaskRole[arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/ecsTaskRole]
    --> [OK]
    ContainerDefinition[nginx]
      Image[nginx:alpine]
      --> [OK]
      LogConfiguration[awslogs]
      --> [OK]
    --> [OK]
  --> [OK]
  ServiceDefinition
  --> [OK]
  Cluster
  --> [OK]
2020/12/08 11:43:14 nginx-local/ecspresso-test Verify OK!

tasks

task command lists tasks run by a service or having the same family to a task definition.

Flags:
  --id=""                task ID
  --output=table         output format (table|json|tsv)
  --find                 find a task from tasks list and dump it as JSON
  --stop                 stop a task
  --force                stop a task without confirmation prompt

When --find option is set, you can select a task in a list of tasks and show the task as JSON.

filter_command in ecspresso.yml can define a command to filter tasks. For example peco, fzf and etc.

filter_command: peco

When --stop option is set, you can select a task in a list of tasks and stop the task.

exec

exec command executes a command on task.

session-manager-plugin is required in PATH.

Flags:
  --id=""                task ID
  --command="sh"         command
  --container=CONTAINER  container name

If --id is not set, the command shows a list of tasks to select a task to execute.

filter_command in ecspresso.yml works the same as tasks command.

See also the official document Using Amazon ECS Exec for debugging.

port forwarding

ecspresso exec --port-forward forwards local port to ECS tasks port.

$ ecspresso exec --port-forward --port 80 --local-port 8080
...

If --id is not set, the command shows a list of tasks to select a task to forward port.

When --local-port is not specified, use the ephemeral port for local port.

suspend / resume application auto scaling

ecspresso deploy and scale can suspend / resume application auto scaling.

--suspend-auto-scaling sets suspended state true. --resume-auto-scaling sets suspended state false.

When you want to change the suspended state simply, try ecspresso scale --suspend-auto-scaling or ecspresso scale --resume-auto-scaling. That operation will change suspended state only.

Plugins

tfstate

tfstate plugin introduces a template function tfstate.

ecspresso.yml

region: ap-northeast-1
cluster: default
service: test
service_definition: ecs-service-def.json
task_definition: ecs-task-def.json
plugins:
  - name: tfstate
    config:
      path: terraform.tfstate    # path to tfstate file
      # or url: s3://my-bucket/terraform.tfstate

ecs-service-def.json

{
  "networkConfiguration": {
    "awsvpcConfiguration": {
      "subnets": [
        "{{ tfstatef `aws_subnet.private['%s'].id` `az-a` }}"
      ],
      "securityGroups": [
        "{{ tfstate `data.aws_security_group.default.id` }}"
      ]
    }
  }
}

{{ tfstate "resource_type.resource_name.attr" }} will expand to an attribute value of the resource in tfstate.

{{ tfstatef "resource_type.resource_name['%s'].attr" "index" }} is similar to {{ tfstatef "resource_type.resource_name['index'].attr" }}. This function is useful to build a resource address with environment variables.

{{ tfstatef `aws_subnet.ecs['%s'].id` (must_env `SERVICE`) }}

cloudformation

cloudformation plugin introduces template functions cfn_output and cfn_export.

An example of CloudFormation stack template defines Outputs and Exports.

# StackName: ECS-ecspresso
Outputs:
  SubnetAz1:
    Value: !Ref PublicSubnetAz1
  SubnetAz2:
    Value: !Ref PublicSubnetAz2
  EcsSecurityGroupId:
    Value: !Ref EcsSecurityGroup
    Export:
      Name: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-EcsSecurityGroupId

Load cloudformation plugin in a config file.

ecspresso.yml

# ...
plugins:
  - name: cloudformation

cfn_output StackName OutputKey lookups OutputValue of OutputKey in the StackName. cfn_export ExportName lookups exported value by name.

ecs-service-def.json

{
  "networkConfiguration": {
    "awsvpcConfiguration": {
      "subnets": [
        "{{ cfn_output `ECS-ecspresso` `SubnetAz1` }}",
        "{{ cfn_output `ECS-ecspresso` `SubnetAz2` }}"
      ],
      "securityGroups": [
        "{{ cfn_export `ECS-ecspresso-EcsSecurityGroupId` }}"
      ]
    }
  }
}

LICENCE

MIT

Author

KAYAC Inc.