Password/Secret/API Key/Token Storage: Secure storage of sensitive data, including passwords, API keys, and tokens.
C2
Encryption at Rest and in Transit: Ensures data is encrypted during storage and transmission to prevent unauthorized access.
C3
Version Control and Secrets History/Log: Maintains a history of changes to secrets, providing rollback capabilities and accountability.
C4
Automated/Triggered Rotation, Expiry, and Revocation: Supports automatic or on-demand rotation of secrets, as well as expiration and immediate revocation, to minimize risk from exposed or expired credentials.
C5
Programmatic Access and Environment Integration: Provides API-based access for seamless integration with applications, automated systems, and specific deployment environments (e.g., CI/CD, containers).
C6
Secure Retrieval Mechanism: Ensures secrets are retrieved securely when needed, preventing unauthorized or accidental exposure.
Auxiliary Features
Code
Feature Description
A1
User Authentication and Access Control: Controls access to secrets, ensuring only authorized users or applications can retrieve them.
A2
Policies: Supports policy-based management to enforce security and usage guidelines across secrets.
A3
Audit Logging and Compliance: Tracks access, usage, and modifications to secrets for security, compliance, and incident response.
A4
High Availability and Backup: Ensures secrets remain accessible with backup and redundancy mechanisms, critical for production environments.
A5
Cross-Environment Sync and Notification Mechanisms: Ensures consistency and availability of secrets across multiple environments, essential for hybrid and multi-cloud setups. Includes mechanisms like webhooks, event streams, short TTLs, agent-based synchronization, and native cloud provider tools to propagate updates and maintain consistency.
System Design and Architecture
1. Design the System Architecture
To build a modular and extensible password/secret management platform, we'll adopt a layered architecture with well-defined interfaces. This approach allows components to be developed, tested, and replaced independently without affecting the overall system.
Core Components
ID
Component Name
Purpose
Functionality
Benefits
M1
Storage Backend Interface Module
Abstracts the storage mechanism
- Defines a standard interface for CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on secrets. - Supports pluggable backends (e.g., in-memory, file system, databases, cloud services).
- Allows swapping or upgrading storage backends without impacting other modules. - Enhances flexibility and scalability.
M2
Encryption Module
Manages encryption and decryption
- Provides encryption at rest and in transit (C2). - Abstracts encryption algorithms and key management. - Ensures compliance with security standards.
- Facilitates changes in encryption strategies without affecting other components. - Enhances security and compliance adherence.
M3
Secret Management Module
Handles core secret management logic
- Implements operations for storing, retrieving, updating, and deleting secrets (C1). - Manages version control and maintains history logs (C3). - Interfaces with the Encryption Module for secure data handling.
- Provides programmatic access through secure APIs (C5). - Ensures secure retrieval mechanisms with encryption in transit (C6). - Implements API versioning for backward compatibility.
- Enables consistent integration with applications and systems. - Facilitates environment-specific deployments.
M5
Authentication and Authorization Module
Controls access to the platform
- Authenticates users and systems (A1). - Manages access control policies. - Supports multiple authentication methods (e.g., API keys, OAuth).
- Enhances security by ensuring only authorized access. - Provides a foundation for policies and compliance features.
Component Interactions
M4 (API Layer) receives requests and authenticates them via M5 (Authentication and Authorization Module).
Upon successful authentication, requests are forwarded to M3 (Secret Management Module).
M3 interacts with M2 (Encryption Module) to encrypt/decrypt secrets.
Encrypted secrets are stored or retrieved through M1 (Storage Backend Interface Module).
2. Map Feature Dependencies
Understanding feature dependencies ensures that the architecture supports seamless integration and scalability.
Core Features and Their Dependencies
Feature ID
Feature Name
Depends On
Enables
C1
Password/Secret/API Key/Token Storage
M1, M3
Fundamental secret management operations
C2
Encryption at Rest and in Transit
M2
Secure data handling in M3 and M4
C3
Version Control and Secrets History/Log
M3
Rollback capabilities and accountability
C4
Automated/Triggered Rotation, Expiry, Revocation
Future Scheduler/Event Trigger Module (e.g., M6)
Minimizing risk from exposed or expired credentials
C5
Programmatic Access and Environment Integration
M4
Integration with applications and automated systems
C6
Secure Retrieval Mechanism
M2, M4, M5
Preventing unauthorized or accidental exposure
Auxiliary Features and Their Dependencies
Feature ID
Feature Name
Depends On
Requires
A1
User Authentication and Access Control
M5
Securing M4 and M3
A2
Policies
M5
Enforcement of security and usage guidelines
A3
Audit Logging and Compliance
All Modules
Centralized logging mechanism
A4
High Availability and Backup
Infrastructure Setup
Redundancy and backup strategies at storage and application levels
A5
Cross-Environment Sync and Notification Mechanisms
Extension of M1 and Future Modules (e.g., M7)
Consistency and availability across environments
3. Development Sequence Based on Dependencies
Phase 1: Core Foundation
Step ID
Action
Modules Involved
P1
Implement M1 (Storage Backend Interface Module) with a basic storage option (e.g., in-memory or file-based)
M1
P2
Develop M2 (Encryption Module) for encryption at rest, integrating with M1
M2, M1
P3
Build M3 (Secret Management Module) for basic secret operations, utilizing M1 and M2
M3, M2, M1
P4
Create M4 (API Layer) to expose functionalities, ensuring encrypted communication (HTTPS)
M4
P5
Set up M5 (Authentication and Authorization Module) to secure the API endpoints
M5
Phase 2: Enhancements and Extensions
Step ID
Action
Modules Involved
P6
Add version control and secrets history/log in M3 (C3)
M3
P7
Enhance M2 (Encryption Module) for encryption in transit, if not fully implemented in Phase 1
M2
P8
Prepare for automated rotation and expiry by designing the Scheduler/Event Trigger Module (M6) framework
M6, M3
Phase 3: Advanced Features and Scalability
Step ID
Action
Modules Involved
P9
Implement automated/triggered rotation, expiry, and revocation (C4) using M6
M6, M3
P10
Integrate Policies Module to enforce security guidelines (A2)
M5
P11
Develop Audit Logging and Compliance Module for tracking and compliance purposes (A3)
All Modules
P12
Plan for high availability and backup strategies to ensure system reliability (A4)
Infrastructure Setup
P13
Design cross-environment sync and notification mechanisms for multi-environment deployments (A5)