cli

Cloud Foundry CLI

This is the official command line client for Cloud Foundry.

You can follow our development progress on Pivotal Tracker.

Getting Started

Download and run the installer for your platform from the Downloads Section.

Once installed, you can log in and push an app.

$ cd [my-app-directory]
$ cf api api.[my-cloudfoundry].com
Setting api endpoint to https://api.[my-cloudfoundry].com...
OK

$ cf login
API endpoint: https://api.[my-cloudfoundry].com

Email> [my-email]

Password> [my-password]
Authenticating...
OK

$ cf push

#Further Reading and Getting Help

• You can find further documentation at the docs page for the CLI here.
• There is also help available in the CLI itself; type cf help for more information.
• Each command also has help output available via cf [command] --help or cf [command] -h.
• For development guide on writing a cli plugin, see here.
• Finally, if you are still stuck or have any questions or issues, feel free to open a GitHub issue.

Downloads

Latest stable: Download the installer or compressed binary for your platform:

From the command line: Download examples with curl for Mac OS X and Linux

# ...download & extract Mac OS X binary
$ curl -L "https://cli.run.pivotal.io/stable?release=macosx64-binary&source=github" | tar -zx
# ...or Linux binary
$ curl -L "https://cli.run.pivotal.io/stable?release=linux64-binary&source=github" | tar -zx
# ...and confirm you got the version you expected
$ ./cf --version
cf version x.y.z-...

Via Homebrew: Install CF for OSX through Homebrew via the cloudfoundry tap:

$ brew tap cloudfoundry/tap
$ brew install cf-cli

Also, edge binaries are published for Mac OS X 64 bit, Windows 64 bit and Linux 64 bit with each new 'push' that passes though CI. These binaries are not intended for wider use; they're for developers to test new features and fixes as they are completed.

Releases: 32 bit releases and information about all our releases can be found here

Troubleshooting / FAQs

Known Issues

• .cfignore used in cf push must be in UTF8 encoding for CLI to interpret correctly.

Linux

• "bash: .cf: No such file or directory". Ensure that you're using the correct binary or installer for your architecture. See http://askubuntu.com/questions/133389/no-such-file-or-directory-but-the-file-exists

Filing Bugs

First, update to the latest cli and try the command again.

If the error remains, run the command that exposes the bug with the environment variable CF_TRACE set to true and create an issue.

Include the below information when creating the issue:

• The error that occurred
• The stack trace (if applicable)
• The command you ran (e.g. cf org-users)
• The CLI Version (e.g. 6.13.0-dfba612)
• Your platform details (e.g. Mac OS X 10.11, Windows 8.1 64-bit, Ubuntu 14.04.3 64-bit)
• The shell you used (e.g. Terminal, iTerm, Powershell, Cygwin, gnome-terminal, terminator)

• the command you ran
• what occurred
• what you expected to occur

• the command you ran
• the trace output
• a high-level description of the bug

• the command you ran
• the stack trace generated (if any)
• any other relevant information

Contributing

Major new feature proposals are given as a publically viewable google document with commenting allowed and discussed on the cf-dev mailing list.

1. Install Go 1.6.x
2. Create a directory where you would like to store the source for Go projects and their binaries (e.g. $HOME/go)
3. Set an environment variable, GOPATH, pointing at the directory you created
4. Get the cf source: go get github.com/cloudfoundry/cli

• (Ignore any warnings about "no buildable Go source files")

1. Fork this repository, adding your fork as a remote
2. Write a new test, see it fail when running bin/test (or ginkgo -p path/to/the/package/being/tested)
3. Write code to pass the test
4. Repeat the above two steps until the feature is complete
5. Submit a pull request to the master branch

* For development guide on writing a cli plugin, see here

Architecture overview

A command is a struct that implements this interface:

type Command interface {
	MetaData() CommandMetadata
	SetDependency(deps Dependency, pluginCall bool) Command
	Requirements(requirementsFactory requirements.Factory, context flags.FlagContext) (reqs []requirements.Requirement, err error)
	Execute(context flags.FlagContext)
}

Source code

Metadata() is just a description of the command name, usage and flags:

type CommandMetadata struct {
	Name            string
	ShortName       string
	Usage           string
	Description     string
	Flags           map[string]flags.FlagSet
	SkipFlagParsing bool
	TotalArgs       int
}

Source code

Requirements() returns a list of requirements that need to be met before a command can be invoked.

Execute() is the method that your command implements to do whatever it's supposed to do. The context object provides flags and arguments.

When the command is run, it communicates with api using repositories (they are in cf/api).

SetDependency() is where a command obtains its dependencies. Dependencies are typically declared as an interface type, and not a concrete type, so tests can inject a fake. The bool argument pluginCall indicates whether the command is invoked by one of the CLI's plugin API methods.

Dependencies are injected into each command, so tests can inject a fake. This means that dependencies are typically declared as an interface type, and not a concrete type. (see cf/command_registry/dependency.go)

Some dependencies are managed by a repository locator in cf/api/repository_locator.go.

Repositories communicate with the api endpoints through a Gateway (see cf/net).

Models are data structures related to Cloud Foundry (see cf/models). For example, some models are apps, buildpacks, domains, etc.

Managing dependencies

Command dependencies are managed by the command registry package. The app uses the package (in cf/command_registry/dependency.go)to instantiate them, this allows not sharing the knowledge of their dependencies with the app itself.

For commands that use another command as dependency, command_registry is used for retrieving the command dependency. For example, the command restart has a dependency on command start and stop, and this is how the command dependency is retrieved: restart.go

As for repositories, we use the repository locator to handle their dependencies. You can find it in cf/api/repository_locator.go.

Example command

Create Space is a good example of a command. Its tests include checking arguments, requiring the user to be logged in, and the actual behavior of the command itself. You can find it in cf/commands/space/create_space.go.

i18n

For Translators

If you'd like to submit updated translations, please see the i18n README for instructions on how to submit an update.

For CLI Developers

If you are adding new strings or updating existing strings within the CLI code, you'll need to update the binary representation of the translation files. This file is generated/maintained using i18n4go, goi18n, and bin/generate-language-resources.

After adding/changing strings supplied to the goi18n T() translation func, run the following to update the translations binary:

i18n4go -c fixup # answer any prompts appropriately
goi18n -outdir cf/i18n/resources cf/i18n/resources/*.all.json
bin/generate-language-resources

When running i18n4go -c fixup, you will be presented with the choices new or upd for each addition or update. Type in the appropriate choice. If upd is chosen, you will be asked to confirm which string is being updated using a numbered list.

After running the above, be sure to commit the translations binary, cf/resources/i18n_resources.go.

Current conventions

Creating Commands

Resources that include several commands have been broken out into their own sub-package using the Resource name. An example of this convention is the Space resource and package (see cf/commands/space)

In addition, command file and methods naming follows a CRUD like convention. For example, the Space resource includes commands such a CreateSpace, ListSpaces, DeleteSpace, etc.

Creating Repositories

Although not ideal, we use the name "Repository" for API related operations as opposed to "Service". Repository was chosen to avoid confusion with Service model objects (i.e. creating Services and Service Instances within Cloud Foundry).

By convention, Repository methods return a model object and an error. Models are used in both Commands and Repositories to model Cloud Foundry data. This convention provides a consistent method signature across repositories.